#78 約翰福音1:29 “神的羔羊”

Lesson #78 – 3/24/2018

講員：Kevin Berg  翻譯：李翠雲傳道

Deuteronomy 31:6 – “So be strong and courageous! Do not be afraid and do not panic before them. For the lord your God will personally go ahead of you. He will neither fail you nor abandon you.”

Hebrews 11:1-2 - 1”Now faith is the assurance of things hoped for, the conviction of things not seen. 2For by it the men of old gained approval.”

Psalm 18:30 - God’s way is perfect. All the lord’s promises prove true. He is a shield for all who look to him for protection.”

申命記31:6 －6你們當剛強壯膽，不要害怕，也不要畏懼他們，因為耶和華－你的上帝和你同去。祂必不撇下你，也不丟棄你。」

希伯來書11:1-2 1信就是所望之事的實底，是未見之事的確據。 2古人在這信上得了美好的證據。

詩篇18:30 － 30至於上帝，祂的道是完全的；耶和華的話是煉淨的。凡投靠祂的祂便作他們的盾牌。

We are in John chapter 1. Last time we talked about a very important topic. A topic that can be summarized in the statement that it is not the man but the message that is important. We also looked at the concept of witnessing and providing a testimony, and we used the illustration of a courtroom.

我們在約翰福音第1章。上次我們談到一個非常重要的話題。 一個話題可以總結為，重要的不是人，重要的是信息。 我們也看到了見證和提供證詞的概念，我們用的是法庭的例證。

There is one additional thing that we need to look at that is sort of related to providing a witness. When we give a testimony about an event, it is something that we have witnessed. It is often called an eyewitness. We have seen something, or have personal knowledge of something that happened. The key to this is that it is in the past that we have witnessed the event.

還有一件事我們需要看看，這與提供證人有關。 當我們就事件作證時，這是我們目睹的事情。 它通常被稱為目擊證人。 我們已經看到了一些事情東，或者對發生的事情有個人的瞭解。 關鍵在於過去我們目睹了這一事件。

However, this is not the case with God. With God’s omniscience, which means he is all knowing, the future is just as well known as the past. It is impossible for our finite minds to comprehend this; but when God speaks of a future event it always happens. Sometimes in the bible a future event is spoken of as if it has already happened. It is that certain. Our Lord often spoke of what was going to happen in the future, and in every case it did happen just as he told of it. God is never surprised. Because this is so difficult for us to understand it is often distorted to fit our finite minds. But, as we go through the bible it will become more and more clear, and we will run across more and more examples of this fact.

然而，上帝並非如此。上帝的無所不知, 這意味著祂都知道, 未來就像過去一樣眾所周知是我們有限的頭腦不可能理解這一點的; 但是當上帝談到未來的事件時，總會發生。 有時在聖經中，未來事件就像已經發生一樣。 這是確定的。 我們的主經常談到未來將會發生什麼事情，在每一個情況下, 它都是按照他所說的那樣發生的。上帝從不感到驚訝。因為這對我們來說太難理解了,  所以它常常被扭曲以適應我們有限的思想。 但是，當我們閱讀聖經時，它會變得越來越清晰，我們將會遇到越來越多的這個事實的例子。

Tonight we are in John 1:29. We will see a phrase in this verse that is quite familiar to a lot of people. It is a phrase that we hear in worship songs. It is a phrase that we hear in sermons. And, it is a phrase that has great meaning in both the Old Testament and the New Testament. Let’s read verses 29 through 31 to get the full context:

今晚我們在約翰福音1:29。 在這節經文中，我們會看到很多人都很熟悉的一句話。 這是我們在敬拜歌曲中聽到的一句話。 這是我們在佈道中聽到的一個短句。 而且，這是一個在舊約和新約中都有重大意義的短語。讓我們閱讀29到31節, 獲取完整的上下文:

29The next day he saw Jesus coming toward him, and said, "Behold, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world! 30This is he of whom I said, 'After me comes a man who ranks before me, because he was before me.' 31I myself did not know him, but for this purpose I came baptizing with water, that he might be revealed to Israel." 

29次日，約翰看見耶穌來到他那裏，就說：「看哪，神的羔羊，除去(或譯：背負)世人罪孽的！ 30這就是我曾說：『有一位在我以後來、反成了在我以前的，因他本來在我以前。』 31我先前不認識他，如今我來用水施洗，為要叫他顯明給以色列人。」

There are two phrases that we should look at more closely. The first is the fact that Jesus is referred to as the ‘Lamb of God’. We will spend a lot of time on this title for Jesus. But, the next one is in verse 31, where John the Baptist says, “I myself did not know him”. This may sound strange to come from the person who is the forerunner to the Messiah. But, this relates to what we were just talking about: that God can reveal things about the future. Here, John the Baptist was teaching that the Messiah is here, and he was there at the time, however John the Baptist had never met him before; this is the first time they cross paths. John the Baptist had the full assurance that what he was called to preach was the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth; and that was his testimony, even though he didn’t know Jesus Christ. It really isn’t that strange, the prophets from the past often did the same thing. They had a message and they proclaimed it, and it sometimes was related to some future event that they wouldn’t normally have known about.

我們應該更仔細地看兩句話。首先是耶穌被稱為“神的羔羊”的事實。我們將在耶穌的這個頭銜上花費很多時間。但是，下一個是在31節，施洗約翰說，“我先前不認識他”。這對彌賽亞的先驅者來說聽起來很奇怪。但是，這與我們剛剛談到的有關：上帝可以揭示未來的事情。在這裡，施洗約翰教導彌賽亞在這裡，他當時在那裏，然而施洗約翰從來沒有見過他。這是他們第一次相遇。施洗約翰有充分的把握，他所呼召傳講的是真理，全是真理，只有真理; 那是他的證詞, 儘管他不認識耶穌基督。這真的不奇怪, 過去的先知經常做同樣的事情。 他們有一個信息，他們宣布了，有時它與他們通常不知道的未來事件有關。

Okay, so let’s go back to the first statement, “Behold the Lamb of God.” What we would like to do is to take five minutes to think about this statement. We would like for you to write down what you think it means to call Jesus the ‘Lamb of God’. You won’t be sharing what you write, so be honest. This is for you, not for anyone else, after you are done, just turn over the paper, or put it in your bible; then after that we will look at what this means and how it relates to us. 

好的，讓我們回到第一句話：“看哪，上帝的羔羊”。我們想要做的是花五分鐘時間思考這個說法。 我們希望你寫下你認為將耶穌稱為'上帝的羔羊'的意思。 說實話，你不會分享你寫的東西。 這是給你的，不是給別人的，在你做完之後，把紙翻過來或者放在你的聖經裡; 然後，我們將看看這意味著什麼以及它與我們的關係。

There are a lot of things that Jesus Christ is called. And, if we went through the whole list you might think that there are some inconsistencies between some of his titles. For example, he is also called the good shepherd. So, how can he be a lamb and also a shepherd? Well, we won’t get into that tonight. As we have been learning about him one thing that we have learned that is that he is not simple. And, each title is meant to understand another part of who he is and what he has done for us.

耶穌基督被稱為了很多東西。 而且，如果我們瀏覽整個列表，您可能會認為他的一些頭銜有些不一致。 例如，他也被稱為好牧人。 那麼，他怎麼能成為一隻羔羊，也是牧羊人呢？ 嗯，我們今晚不會進入這。 正如我們一直在學習他也瞭解到一件事就是他是不簡單的。 而且，每個頭銜都是為了理解他是誰的另一部分以及他為我們所做的一切 。

However, to understand the fact that he is the ‘Lamb of God’. We have to go back to the Old Testament. We have to also remember that God the Father was not surprised when the religious leaders of Jesus’ day wanted to kill him. God wasn’t surprised when he went to the cross. God knew what was going to happen when He sent His son anyway. Christ was born to die. The people in the Old Testament, specifically the Jews of Israel, looked forward to the cross. We look back to the cross. We now know things that they didn’t know. We have the end of the story. It is history to us. To them it was future prophecy.

然而，要理解他是"神的羔羊" 的事實。 我們必須回到舊約。 我們也必須記住，當耶穌時代的宗教領袖想要殺死他時，父神並不感到驚訝。 當他上十字架時，上帝不驚訝。 上帝知道當祂派遣祂的兒子時會發生什麼事。基督是為死而生的。 舊約中的人們，特別是以色列的猶太人，期待著十字架。 我們回頭看十字架，我們現在知道他們不知道的事情。 我們有這個故事的結尾。 這對我們來說是歷史。 對他們而言，這是未來的預言。

People often say that Jesus Christ is not in the Old Testament. He is not in the Old Testament by name, but the second person of the trinity was very much there, just not by the same name. He was called JHWH, or sometimes YHWH. When you add vowel points to these Hebrew words it is either Jehovah, or Yahweh. And, not always, but usually it refers to Jesus Christ, the God of Israel. This word is derived from the verb ‘to be’ and refers to absolute existence, as in Exodus 3:14 which says, “I am that I am.”  

人們經常說耶穌基督不在舊約裡。他不是在舊約中的名字, 但三位一體的第二個位卻是在那兒的,，只是名字不一樣。 他被稱為JHWH，或者有時是YHWH。 當你給這些希伯來詞添加母音時，它是耶和華或有時發聲為耶威。然而並不總是, 但通常是指耶穌基督, 以色列的上帝 。 這個詞源於動詞“是”，並且指的是絕對的存在，就像在出埃及記3:14所說：“神對摩西說：「我是自有永有的」；又說：「你要對以色列人這樣說：『那自有的打發我到你們這裏來。』」”

God’s plan was already in place. These people were to be the messengers of God, and they needed to know about God’s plan of salvation. So, how did they learn about God’s plan? How did they come to know about their savior, about Yahweh? How did they learn about all of the things we learn about because we have the completed canon of scripture? They learned it through ritual sacrifices and offerings. They didn’t have it in writing; they had it demonstrated to them over and over right before their eyes. These rituals and offerings taught many of God’s truths to these people. These practices are taught in the Mosaic law, which are found in the first 5 books of the bible. However most of the things we will talk about tonight are found in Leviticus, which is the third book of the bible. And most of them are found in the first four chapters of Leviticus. These rituals are commonly called the Levitical Offerings.

上帝的計畫已經到位了。這些人是神的使者, 他們需要知道神的救贖計畫。那麼, 他們怎麼知道神的計畫的呢？他們是怎麼知道他們的救世主，以及關於耶和華呢？ 他們是如何了解我們所學到的所有知識因為我們有完整的聖經經典？ 他們是通過祭祀和獻祭來了解它。 他們沒有書面的; 他們有的是一直重複在眼前展示給他們看的。 這些儀式和祭祀向這些人傳授了許多神的真理。 這些做法在摩西律法中有教導，這些法律在《聖經》的前五本書中都有介紹。 然而，我們今晚要談論的大部分事情都可以在《聖經》的第三本書“利未記”中找到。 其中大部分是在利未記前四章中找到的。 這些儀式通常被稱為利未式獻祭/祭司獻祭。

This is not a quick and easy study. We could spend a lot of time on this. However, we won’t; we are studying the gospel of John, not the book of Leviticus. Therefore, it will have to be short and sweet, but hopefully it will give us a good overview. These Levitical Offerings reveal the person and the work of the coming Messiah. However, these offerings, which involved sacrifice, were just a shadow of what was to occur in the future; the cross was the actual sacrifice that took place and it was effective for our salvation.

這不是一項快速而容易的學習。 我們可以在這上面花很多時間。 然而，我們不會; 我們正在學習約翰福音，而不是利未記。 因此，它必須簡短甜美點到為止，但希望它能給我們一個很好的概述。 這些利未式獻祭的祭品揭示了即將到來的彌賽亞的人和工作。然而, 這些獻祭的祭品, 只是未來發生的事的影子;十字架是實際犧牲/祭品的發生地方, 它對我們的救贖是有功效的。

There are a number of these offerings. One of the biggest was done on the day of Atonement. It required two goats, as well as other animals. The goats had to be male, and they taught the covering or forgiveness of sins. There was also a ritual at Passover. It required a male lamb, and it taught redemption; the fact that we can be bought out from the slave market of sin. Then there was a burnt offering. It taught a doctrine of propitiation, which means that God is satisfied with the sacrifice of Christ. Then there was a food or gift offering. This emphasized the person of Christ, who was given for us. The Peace offering taught reconciliation. We were once separated from God, but due to the sacrifice on the cross we can now have a relationship with God. There was also a sin offering and a trespass offering which taught the forgiveness of sins for those who had believed in the Lord – the regenerate Jews.

這些獻祭有很多種。 其中最大的一個是在贖罪日完成的。 它需要兩隻山羊以及其它動物。 山羊必須是公的，他們教導的是遮蓋或饒恕的罪。 在逾越節也有一個儀式。 它需要一隻公的綿羊羔，它教導的是救贖; 是我們可以從罪的奴隸市場被贖這個事實。 然後有一個燔祭。 它教導了一個挽回祭的教義，這意味著上帝對基督的犧牲感到滿意。 然後有一個食物或禮物的獻祭。 這強調了基督的人， 他是給了我們的。 平安祭教導和解。 我們曾與神分離，但由於在十字架上的犧牲，我們現在可以與上帝建立關係。 還有一個贖罪祭，一個贖過祭，是為那些相信主的人 - 那些重生的猶太人，這教導罪得赦免。

We don’t usually use technical theological terms, because they are difficult to translate into Chinese. Tonight is an exception, because we thought it would help to show the continuity between these teachings in the Old Testament and the teachings we have now in the New Testament. All of these rituals involved animals. They involved sacrificing these animals in the ritual. The person would come before a member of the Levitical priesthood; they would lay their hand upon the animal’s head; then the animal’s throat would be cut and the animal would bleed to death. The symbolism would be that that person’s sins would be transferred to the innocent animal and the practice would point to the future atonement of Jesus Christ. The animal would be judged for the sin in the visual illustration. The animal was often to be without spot or blemish.

我們通常不使用技術神學術語，因為它們很難翻譯成中文。 今晚是一個例外，因為我們認為這將有助於顯示舊約聖經中這些教導與我們現在在新約聖經中的教導之間的連續性。 所有這些儀式都涉及動物。 他們在儀式中涉及犧牲這些動物。 這個人（獻祭的人）會來到利未祭司的成員面前; 他們會把手放在動物的頭上; 然後動物的喉嚨會被切開，動物會流血致死。 這個象徵意義是那個人的罪將被轉移到無辜的動物身上，並且這種作法將指向耶穌基督的未來贖罪。 在視覺例證中，動物將被判為罪。這個動物往往沒有斑點或瑕疵。

In Hebrews 9:22 it says, “22Indeed, under the law almost everything is purified with blood, and without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness of sins.”

在希伯來書9:22說：“按着律法，凡物差不多都是用血潔淨的；若不流血，罪就不得赦免了。”

Obviously, God knew about all of this from the very beginning. We see the anticipation of Christ coming in the very beginning, just after the fall, in Genesis 3:15. Here God is talking to Satan, and says: “15And I will cause hostility between you and the woman, and between your offspring and her offspring. He will strike your head, and you will strike his heel.”

顯然地，神從一開始就知道這一切。 在創世紀3:15，我們看到在人類墮落之後的最初就預示基督即將來臨。 在這裡，上帝在與撒旦對話，並說：“15我將在你和這個女人之間，以及你的後代和她的後代之間造成敵意。 他會打你的頭，你會打他的腳。

15我又要叫你和女人彼此為仇；你的後裔和女人的後裔也彼此為仇。女人的後裔要傷你的頭；你要傷他的腳跟。

This is anticipating the conflict between Satan and Jesus who was born of a woman only, with no human father. We then see how important it is to anticipate Christ’s going to the cross in Genesis 4. Here we see Cain and Abel coming to God with their offerings. Cain came with vegetables or fruits, and Abel came with a lamb. God was pleased with Abel’s offering, but he was not pleased with Cain’s. Cain’s sacrifice did not include the shedding of blood and therefore did not point to the coming Messiah.

這預示著撒但和耶穌之間的衝突，他是由一個女人出生的，沒有人類的父親。 然後，我們看到在創世記第四章中預示基督上去到十字架是多麼重要的。在這裡我們看到該隱和亞伯帶著他們的獻祭來到神面前。 該隱帶著蔬菜或水果來了，亞伯帶著一隻羊羔。 上帝對亞伯的獻祭很滿意，但祂對該隱的不滿。 該隱的獻祭沒有包括流血，因此沒有指出即將到來的彌賽亞。

Many different animals were involved in the Levitical Offerings, but a lamb is mentioned many times, and was used in many of the main rituals. They weren’t the real sacrifice, but they pointed to the real sacrifice of Christ on the cross. Christ WAS going to go to the cross, there was no question about it. His sacrifice only had to happen once, the other sacrifices had to be done over and over. Israel needed to know, and they needed to learn; therefore they needed to bring their offering over and over. The animals died physically. Their life was in their blood, as Leviticus 17:11 tells us:

利未式獻祭涉及了許多不同的動物，但多次提及羔羊，並在許多主要儀式中使用。 他們不是那真正的犧牲品，但他們指出了十字架上基督的真正犧牲。 基督WAS（過去未來式，現在對我們而言是歷史）將上十字架，這是毫無疑問的。 他的獻祭只能發生一次，其他獻祭必須一遍又一遍地完成。 以色列需要知道，他們需要學習; 因此他們需要反覆帶來他們的獻祭。 動物死於肉體，他們的生命是在他們的血液中，正如利未記17:11告訴我們的：

11For the life of the flesh is in the blood, and I have given it for you on the altar to make atonement for your souls, for it is the blood that makes atonement for the soul.

11因為活物的生命是在血中。我把這血賜給你們，可以在壇上為你們的生命贖罪；因血裏有生命，所以能贖罪。

The animals died physically pointing to the spiritual death of Christ on the cross. We won’t go into it tonight, but the phrase “the blood of Christ” is also a figurative blood that relates to these Levitical Offerings. It isn’t his actual blood that saves us, it refers to his atoning work on the cross. He didn’t bleed to death; he dismissed his spirit because his work was finished. His agony wasn’t the actual blood he shed; his agony was bearing all the sins of the human race and being judged for those sins. He took our place.

這些動物死於肉體，指向基督在十字架上的屬靈死亡。 我們今晚不會深入，但“基督的血”這個詞也是一種與這些利未人獻祭有關的象徵性的血。 這不是他真正的血救贖了我們，而是指他在十字架上的贖罪工作。 他並沒有流血而死。 他因為工作完成而撇棄了自己的靈。 他的痛苦不是他實際流出的血， 他的痛苦是承載著人類的所有的罪孽，並因罪而受到審判。 他取代了我們的位置。

So, he is our sacrifice. God sent His lamb to be offered up for us, once and for all. “God demonstrates His love toward us, in that while we were yet sinners, Christ died as a substitute for us.” As Romans 5:8 tells us.

所以，他是我們的犧牲品。 上帝派遣祂的羔羊為我們永遠奉獻了。 上帝向我們顯示祂的愛，因為當我們還是罪人的時候，基督就為我們死，他代替了我們。就像羅馬書5：8告訴我們的。

8惟有基督在我們還作罪人的時候為我們死，神的愛就在此向我們顯明了。

Now, hopefully, we all know what our verse means when John the Baptist says, “Behold, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world!” The Jews of the day sure knew what it meant. They had experienced the graphic teaching aide that had been going on in Israel. They knew that this meant that the Messiah was there. The anticipation was over. No more shadow illustrations, the savior was here. The future had arrived, and it was just as God had promised. The other Messianic prophecies would also be fulfilled. They could have the assurance, and the confidence that what they had been learning was happening in their time. Hallelujah, the Lord had come. Here was Immanuel, as Isaiah prophesied, which means God with us. And, the timing couldn’t have been better.

現在，希望我們都知道我們的經文是什麼意思了，當施洗約翰說：“看哪，神的羔羊，除去世人罪孽的！”。當時的猶太人肯定知道這是什麼意思。 他們經歷過以色列正在進行的圖像教學助手。 他們知道這意味著彌賽亞在那裡。 期待結束了。 沒有更多的影子，救世主就在這裡。 未來已經到來，而且正如上帝所應許的那樣。 其他彌賽亞的預言也會實現。 他們可以有確據，並確信他們所學的東西正在他們的時代發生了。 哈利路亞，主已經來了。 以馬內利正如以賽亞所預言的，意思是神與我們同在。 而且，時機最好不過了。

It couldn’t have been easy for the people to see the graphic rituals being performed outside the tabernacle. The blood couldn’t have been easy to take. Or seeing the poor innocent animals being killed when they hadn’t done anything wrong. But, it also couldn’t have been easy for God the Father to see what His Son went through. And, why? Because He loved us so much, that He came up with a way to save us. Simply by believing in His innocent lamb we can have eternal life. In the past, we talked about grace; this fact about the Lamb of God is the ultimate in God’s grace directed toward us.

對於人們來說, 目睹在會幕外進行的圖像儀式是不容易的。看流血不是容易承受的。或者目睹那些無辜的動物在他們沒有做錯任何事的時候被殺也不是容易的事。但是, 要上帝看著祂兒子所經歷的一切也不是件容易的事。然而，為什麼呢？因為祂如此愛我們, 祂想出了一個方法來拯救我們。只要相信祂無辜的羔羊, 我們就可以擁有永生。過去, 我們談到了恩典;這個關於神的羔羊的事實, 是神給我們恩典的終極展示。

Let’s pray.

讓我們禱告。